AVOCADO FRUIT( RAW)
Courtesy: Hundekar Home Garden,Bengaluru.
AVOCADO FRUIT AND SEEDAVOCADO TREE
Basic information on avocado
| Scientific name: | Persea americana |
| English: | Avocado Avocado pear Butter pear Alligator pear Midshipman's butter |
| Dutch: | Avocado |
| Spanish: | Aguacate |
| French: | Avocat |
| German: | Avocado |
| Italian: | Avocado |
| Family: | Lauraceae |
| Origin: | Southern Mexico and Central America |
| Distribution: | Important in Central America as a food crop. In most tropical countries avocados are now grown either for home consumption or for local markets. |
| Evergreen or deciduous: | Evergreen |
| Flowers: | The small greenish-yellow flowers are 5 to 10 mm wide. |
| Leaves: | Avocado leaves are 12-25 cm long. |
| Fruits: | Avocado fruits are egg-shaped or pear-shaped. |
| Climate and weather: | Avocado requires a tropical or subtropical climates. The tree needs a climate without frost. It cannot tolerate strong winds. |
| Pollination: | Pollination is by insects, usually by bees. |
| Height: | Avocado trees are up to 20 meters tall. |
| Type of soil: | Can be grown on different types of soils but prefers deep well aerated soils. Avocado cannot stand waterlogging so it requires good drainage. If there is a danger of waterlogging the trees should be planted on mounds. |
| Light: | Prefers full sun. |
| Spacing (close range) | 4 meter |
| Spacing (wide range) | 10 meter |
| Propagation: | Avocados can be grown from seed but vegetative propagation by grafting is needed, as cultivars are very heterozygotous. |
| Insect pests: | Not many insect pests, but scale insects, mealybugs and mites may cause some problems. |
| Diseases: | Root rot (Phytophtora) |
| Harvesting: | The avocado fruit does get ripe on the tree. It can be picked in a hard, "green" but mature condition. After that it will ripen quickly in a few days time. |
| Chemical composition: | Avocados are very nutritious fruits with the highest energy value of all fruits. The flesh contains sugar, proteins and highly digestible oil which is very similar to olive oil. Avocados contain vitamins A, B and E. |
| Uses: | Ripe fruits are eaten fresh or used in salads. Avocado fruits are not sweet, but have a fatty flavor, and a smooth creamy texture. They have a higher fat content than other fruits. An unripe fruit is hard, but when ripe it will feel a bit soft when pressed in the palm of the hand. The flesh of ripe fruits has a typical greenish yellow to golden yellow color. |
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